Do I Need Both Types of LPA? Property & Financial Affairs vs Health & Welfare

One of the most common questions people ask is simple: do I need one Lasting Power of Attorney, or do I need both? The answer depends on what you want your chosen attorney to be able to help with.

There are two types of Lasting Power of Attorney in England and Wales. They sound similar, but they do very different jobs.

What does a Property & Financial Affairs LPA cover?

A Property & Financial Affairs LPA is about money, property and financial administration. This can include decisions and practical support around bank accounts, paying bills, managing pensions, collecting benefits, dealing with savings and investments, managing property, and keeping household finances running.

Depending on how the LPA is set up, it may be used while you still have mental capacity, but only with your permission. For example, you might still be able to make your own decisions, but want someone you trust to help with paperwork, banking or bills.

What does a Health & Welfare LPA cover?

A Health & Welfare LPA is about personal care, medical treatment and welfare decisions. This can include decisions around medical treatment, care arrangements, where you live, daily routine, personal welfare, and life-sustaining treatment preferences.

This type of LPA can only be used if you no longer have mental capacity to make the relevant decision yourself. That means your attorney cannot simply take over your health and welfare choices while you are still able to make them.

Why people often choose both

Many people choose both LPAs because they want complete protection. Together, they give your chosen people a clearer way to help if life changes unexpectedly.

What happens if I only make one?

You can choose to make only one LPA if that feels right for your situation. The important thing is to understand the difference before choosing.

If you only make a Property & Financial Affairs LPA, your attorney will not automatically have authority over health and welfare decisions. If you only make a Health & Welfare LPA, your attorney will not automatically have authority over your money, bills, bank accounts or property.

What about couples?

Couples often assume they can automatically act for each other. That is one of the biggest misunderstandings around LPAs. Being married or in a civil partnership does not automatically mean your partner can manage all your finances, access accounts, deal with institutions or make every care decision for you if you lose capacity. That is why many couples choose to prepare LPAs for each other.

What about adult children helping parents?

Many LPA enquiries come from adult children who are worried about an ageing parent. This can be a sensitive conversation, but it is often easier to deal with early. Read our guide on how to talk to your parents about Lasting Power of Attorney.